Immunoblotting to detect protein detection was performed using SDS-PAGE as previously described (Lal et al., 2014 (link)). Membranes for immunoblotting were probed with antibodies against anti-phospho-CTD-RNAPII-S2 (04-1571; Millipore), anti-phospho-CTD-RNAPII-S5 (04-1572; Millipore), anti-CDK7 (2916; Cell Signaling Technology), anti-CDK13 (A301-458A; Bethyl), anti-cleaved poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (Asp214; 9541; Cell Signaling Technology), anti-cleaved caspase 3 (Asp175; 9664; Cell Signaling Technology), NRF2 (12721; Cell Signaling Technology), and anti-α-tubulin (Sigma-Aldrich). Chemiluminescent (32106; Thermo Fisher Scientific) signal was captured using a Syngene G-BOX iChemi XT imager.