The lung tissue was homogenized (1/10 w/v) using a homogenizer in tissue lysis/extraction reagent (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with protease inhibitors (Sigma-Aldrich). Immunoblotting was performed as described previously [12 (link)]. The following primary antibodies were used: anti-PDE4B (1:1000 dilution; Abcam), anti-MMP-9 (1:1000 dilution; Abcam), and anti-β-actin (1:1000 dilution; Cell signaling, Denver, MA, USA). Expression of PDE4B, MMP-9, and β-actin were evaluated using ChemiDoc (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).
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