DCLK1 isoform 1 or vector control was expressed in AsPC-1 cells utilizing lentivirus as previously described [21 (link)]. Overexpression was confirmed by Western blot. Knockdown of DCLK1 was achieved via transfecting SW480 cells with 50 nM of DCLK1-specific siRNA (Santa Cruz Biotechnology; SC-456178) or scrambled siRNA confirmed not to target any human genes for 72 h using Lipofectamine 3000 (Sigma). Efficient knockdown was confirmed by Western blot.