Data used in this manuscript are either artificial (Figure 2), or from studies of HIV-specific T cell representation in infected subjects collected in our laboratory. Standard intracellular cytokine staining assays were used. As all data are purely for illustration of algorithms and displays, thus no information about the subjects nor assay results is provided. All human samples were collected under NIAID IRB approval. Flow cytometry data was analyzed using FlowJo v9.1 (TreeStar, Inc., Ashland, OR). Background subtraction and formatting of exported data from FlowJo was performed with Pestle v1.6.2 (see below). Statistical analysis and display of multicomponent distributions was performed with SPICE v5.1 (freely available from http://exon.niaid.nih.gov/spice/).