The diagnosis of OSA was made using a PSG. Electromyography of the chin and the leg, electrooculography, electroencephalography, oxygen saturation, electrocardiography, abdominal and thoracic respiratory effort, body position and air flow (nasal pressure transducer and oronasal thermistor), and tracheal microphone were recorded using the Respironics Alice 6 LDx Diagnostic Sleep System (Philips).
PSG data were evaluated by a physician who is a sleep disorders specialist and who was blinded to the results of the NoSAS questionnaire. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria were used to score the sleep and respiratory events (15 (link)). The AHI was determined by calculating the number of apnea and hypopnea events per hour. OSA was diagnosed based on AHI. The severity of OSA was classified as follows: Mild (AHI, ≥5 and <15 events/h), moderate (AHI, ≥15 or <30 events/h) and severe (AHI, ≥30 events/h).