Similar to previous studies18 (link), total RNA was extracted using a NucleoSpin® RNA Plus kit (Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan) according to the manufacturer’ s instructions. cDNA was synthesized using GeneChip® WT PLUS reagent kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and hybridized to the array in ClariomTM S human assay (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The arrays were scanned and normalized with the Signal Space Transformation-Robust Multi-array Average algorithm using the Affymetrix GeneChip Command Console (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Differential gene expression analysis was performed using Transcriptome Analysis Console Software 4.0.2.15 (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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