Alcoholic and hepatitis B-associated cirrhotic liver samples (stage 3-4 fibrosis) were collected from donor livers during liver transplantation from the Liver Tissue Cell Distribution System (LTCDS), University of Minnesota. The LTCDs were supported by NIH Contract #N01-DK-7-0004 / HHSN267200700004C. Additional information on the sample preparation, age and gender of the donors is provided in the Supplemental Materials.
The details of the induction of liver injury and fibrosis by CCl4 and bile duct ligation (BDL) and the treatment protocols are described in the Supplemental Methods.
The determination of liver function, histology and immunohistochemistry, quantitative analysis of hepatic fibrosis are described in the Supplemental Methods.
The determination of hepatic PARP and myeloperoxidase activities, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), and hydroxyproline contents, real-time PCR, Western immunoblot analysis are described in the Supplemental Methods.
Other procedures such as isolation and treatments of murine hepatic hepatocytes and stellate cells, cell death determination by flow cytometer and activation of hepatic stellate cells are also described in the Supplemental Methods.