A laparotomy, designed to mimic a sham ventral ovariectomy [13 (link)], was performed under isoflurane/oxygen anesthesia. Following shaving and disinfection, a 1-cm midline incision was made using a scalpel. Muscle layers were closed with polydioxanone suture 5-0 (Vicryl®; Ethicon, Somerville, NJ) and skin edges apposed using tissue glue (Vetbond®; 3M, St. Paul, MN). Rats (n = 6) were tested before, and 1 h, 4 h, 6 h and 12 h post-surgery.
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