HPLC analysis was performed using the previously described method [28 (link)] or a new method established in this study. Chromatography was performed using a Kromasil 100-5-C18 (AkzoNobel) by Agilent 1100 series. Water/acetonitrile gradient in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid from 50% to 100% acetonitrile for 30 min at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Absorbance at 215 nm was detected using a photodiode array detector. The respective δ-toxin peaks were confirmed using peptide and MALDI/TOF-MS (see below).
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