Animals were tested in plexiglass operant chambers (Med Associates, St Albans, VT), equipped with two levers. The required number of responses at the reinforced (R) lever turned on a cue light over the lever, turned off the house light, and activated an externally mounted syringe pump that infused drug. During the infusion (5.6 s yielding 100 μl of solution) and timeout period (20 s) the cue light remained illuminated, and the house light remained off. After the timeout period, the house light turned on, the cue light is turned off and signaled the availability of a reinforcer. Responses on the non-reinforced (NR) lever were recorded but had no consequences. Procedures modeled previous work done in our lab (26 (link), 27 (link)).
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