Wild-type and mutant HsRAD52-FLAG proteins were detected using Western blot analysis as described previously [29 (link)]. Whole cell extracts of cells of the appropriate genotype were prepared by glass bead disruption, and the proteins separated on acrylamide gels before transfer to nylon membranes (Imobilon-P PVDF, Millipore Sigma, St. Louis, MO, US). Proteins were detected with anti-FLAG M2 (Millipore Sigma) and anti-GAPDH (Aviva Systems Biology, San Diego, CA, USA) primary antibodies, goat anti-mouse HRP-conjugated secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), chemiluminescent signal generation (SuperSignal West Femto Maximum Sensitivity Substrate, Thermo Fisher Scientific), and visualization on X-ray film.
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