At each visit, a laboratory‐based HIV antigen/antibody test was performed at centralized laboratories in Zambia and South Africa. Additional testing was performed retrospectively at the HPTN Laboratory Center (Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA) [6 (link)], including confirmation of seroconversion events and determination of the timing of HIV acquisition. Viral load testing was performed using the RealTime HIV‐1 assay (Abbott Molecular; validated dilution method, limit of quantification: 400 copies/ml). Further details of laboratory testing are described elsewhere [6 (link)].
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