PDX tumor samples were processed using Tissue-Tek optimum cutting temperature (OCT) compound (Sakura Finetek) and frozen in liquid nitrogen prior to being cut into slides by the University of Colorado Cancer Center (UCCC) Pathology Core Facility. Slides were fixed and stained for SA-β-gal activity at pH of 6.0 using the Senescence β-gal Staining Kit (Cell Signaling Technology), as described previously (14 (link)). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed on matched slides by the UCCC Pathology Core Facility and reviewed by a pathologist, confirming the presence of tumor cells. Representative images were acquired using a Zeiss microscope at 40 × magnification.