Immunoblotting for DOCK8 protein and β-actin was performed as previously described (Zhang et al., 2009 (link)). For analysis of other proteins, cells were lysed in 2% SDS (50 mM Tris HCl, pH 6.8, 10% glycerol) or 1% NP-40 (1 mM EDTA, 50 mM Hepes, and 150 mM NaCl) containing complete protease inhibitors (Roche). Protein lysates were separated on NuPAGE Novex 12% or 4–12% gradient Bis-Tris gels using MOPS SDS or MES running buffers (Life Technologies), followed by wet or semi-dry transfer. Membranes were blocked with 5% blocking grade nonfat milk (Bio-Rad Laboratories) or bløk-CH (Millipore). Antibodies were to caspase-9 (BD); caspase-8 (clone C15; gift from L. Zheng, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD); and PAK1, PAK2, and WASP (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.).