20-25 mL of AF and 3-5 mL of blood were obtained from the pregnant women at the time of amniocentesis. The AF was centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 10 min at 4°C, and the supernatant was collected. Blood was placed at 4°C for 1 h and centrifuged at 3000 rpm at 4°C for 10 min, and serum was collected from the upper layer. All samples were stored at -80°C before analysis, and their use for research was approved by the ethical committee. In the validation cohort, AF and blood samples were obtained from the same pregnant woman.
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