Time to pregnancy (TTP), pregnancy, and live birth were the outcomes of this analysis. TTP was defined as the number of menstrual cycles until a positive pregnancy test over up to six consecutive cycles of follow-up [28 (link), 29 (link)]. To document pregnancy precisely, participants had frequent study visits and early ultrasound [29 (link)]. Urine pregnancy tests sensitive to 25 mIU/mL human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were conducted at clinic visits scheduled at the end of each cycle (Quidel Quickvue, Quidel Corporation, San Diego, CA). Additionally, free β-hCG was measured after study completion in daily first-morning urine samples collected on the last 10 days of each participant’s first and second menstrual cycles, and in urine samples collected at the end of each cycle. An early ultrasound at 6.5 weeks’ gestation was performed for clinical confirmation of pregnancy. Live birth status was obtained by participants’ report or via chart abstraction by trained staff.