chitin and flg22 treatment assays were performed as described previously [53 (link)]. When the wild-type ZH11 seedings grew to four weeks, the leaf segments that were 2–3 cm in length were collected and balanced in ddH2O for 12 h, and then they were treated with 1 µM flg22 (synthesized by Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) or 20 µg/mL chitin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). The samples were collected at 6 h and 12 h after treatment for further analysis.
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