Antibodies, chemicals, and plasmids used in this study are listed in Supplemental Table S1. HEK293T cells (RBC2202; RIKEN BioResource Research Center) were cultured in DMEM with high glucose (Nacalai Tesque) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS). hTERT-RPE1 cells (CRL-4000; American Type Culture Collection) were grown in DMEM/Ham’s F-12 medium (Nacalai Tesque) supplemented with 10% FBS and 0.348% sodium bicarbonate at 37°C in 5% CO2. IFT27-KO cells (cell line #IFT27-2-2) and CEP19-KO cells (cell lines #CEP19-1-2 and #CEP19-1-12) were established from hTERT-RPE1 cells, as described previously (Nishijima et al., 2017 (link); Zhou et al., 2022 (link)).