Research nurses collected data at 3-monthly study visits using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behavior, contraceptive use, pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and substance use. Volunteers who became pregnant were linked to antenatal care services and followed up for a pregnancy outcome.
Laboratory tests included pregnancy tests for beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hcg) hormone performed on urine samples using QuickVue (Quidel Corporation, San Diego, CA, United States) and HIV tests following the national testing algorithm, which involves a screening test (Alere Medical Co. Ltd., Chuba, Japan), the StatPak rapid confirmatory kit (Chembo Diagnostics System Inc., Medford, NY, United States), and SD Bioline as a tiebreaker (Standard Diagnostics, Inc., South Korea). STIs (Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis) were tested on endocervical swabs using the GeneXpert platform (Cepheid AB, Rontgenvagen 5, Soina, Sweden).
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