Lactate production in H292 cells was measured using the lactate fluorometric assay kit (BioVision, Inc.). Briefly, 1×104 cells/well were seeded into a 96-well plate and incubated overnight at 37°C. Prior to pretreatment with various concentrations of AG (20, 50 and 75 µM), the medium was replaced with phenol red and serum-free RPMI medium and incubated at 37°C for 1 h. Finally, 1 µl of the medium from each well was received to measure the absorbance at 570 nm using the Spectramax M2 microplate reader (Molecular Devices, LLC).