Tea Extracts and Protein Aggregation

PTE, green tea extract (GTE), and black tea extract (BTE) were kindly supplied by the China Academy of Pu-Erh Tea Research [21 (link), 22 (link)]. These extracts were dissolved in distilled water and adjusted to pH 7.4 with 1 M NaOH. Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), a lysosomal inhibitor, was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). Lactacystin (Calbiochem, Bad Soden, Germany) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Sodium arsenite solution was purchased from EMD Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany). Anti-FUS/TLS, anti-LDLR (low density lipoprotein receptor), anti-TDP-43, anti-V5, anti-β-actin, and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA), Abnova (Taipei City, Taiwan), Cell Signaling Technology (Beverley, MA), Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA), Sigma (St. Louis, MO), and Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA), respectively. Anti-EWS and anti-TAF15 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverley, MA). The SOD1 antibody was a kind gift from Dr. Noriko Fujiwara.