According to previous studies [25 , 48 (link)], SEM and TEM were carried out and were observed and photographed in Hitachi Model TM-1000 SEM and Model H-7650 respectively in Zhejiang University. Cell size of adaxial and abaxial petal epidermal cells, and vacuole size were manually measured using Image J software (http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/, NIH, MD, USA).
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