PLBs containing biotinylated anti-mouse Ig surrogate antigen were prepared following our published protocols (40 (link)). B cells were first stained with Alexa Fluor 647 AffiniPure Fab fragment goat anti-mouse IgM, μ chain–specific (115-607-020, Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratory) and then loaded on the chamber to react with surrogate antigens on the PLBs for at least 10 min, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixation. TIRFM images were captured using an Olympus IX-81 microscope supported by an Andor iXon+ DU-897D electron-multiplying charge-coupled device camera, Olympus 100 × 1.49 numerical aperture objective lens, and TIRF port. TIRFM image acquisition was controlled by MetaMorph software (Molecular Devices), and the exposure time for 512 × 512 pixel images was 100 ms. The mFIs of BCR, FcRL1, and intracellular signaling molecules accumulated at the immunological synapse were statistically analyzed according to the intensity and area using ImageJ software [National Institutes of Health (NIH)].