HPV infection status was determined using DNA ISH with the INFORM HPV III Family 16 Probe (B) from Ventana Medical Systems. This probe specifically identifies high-risk HPV subtypes including 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 56, 58, and 66. A positive ISH result was assigned when nuclear staining was evident in > 70% of the tumor cells [17 (link)].
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