Maxillae were fixed and scanned as previously described (37 (link)). The examiners were blinded to the origin of the samples. Three-dimensional images were generated and rotated with a standard orientation. Bone volume fraction was measured as the percentage of bone volume within the total volume (ROI) using AnalyzePro software (AnalyzeDirect, Inc., Overland Park, KS). Additionally, three liner measurements of the distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) were taken for the first and second molars as described previously (38 (link), 39 (link)).