The DCFH-DA probe (S0033S, Beyotime Biotechnology, China) was used to examine the intracellular ROS level according to the manufacturer’s instructions and our published protocol (Zhang et al., 2020 (link)). In brief, NRCMs were incubated with DCFH-DA for 2 h at 37°C, and then the cells were washed with PBS three times in the dark. Photos were taken using an Olympus IX53 fluorescence microscope. Image Pro-Plus (version 6.0) was used to analyze images.
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