Patient-Derived Organoid Drug Screening

Example 4

As a non-limiting example, the perfusion chamber or the multi-well plate described herein can be used for drug screening. As shown in FIG. 19, skin or blood cells from human patients having a specific disease can be collected to generate patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). The iPS cells can be cultured in a dish to mimic disease-affected cells. Alternatively, the iPS cells can be stimulated to differentiate into an organoid sample, which can be used as a disease model. The organoid sample can be dissected and transferred into the perfusion chamber or the multi-well plate as described herein. Afterwards, the test compounds (e.g., drugs) can be diluted and used to treat the organoid sample in each chamber (or well) with proper controls. Cellular activities and/or intracellular gene expressions can be detected (e.g., recorded) in response to test compounds (e.g., drugs) treatment. The organoid sample can then be subjected to a spatial analysis workflow as described herein. Based on changes of the detected cellular activities and/or the intracellular gene expressions, together with the spatial analysis results, disease-specific drugs can be determined and used to treat the specific disease in the human patients.