Horiba Scientific, SPEX NanoLog fluorescence spectrophotometer was used to generate GO emission spectra with excitation of 400 nm utilized in previous works46 (link). Absorbance spectra were measured with Agilent Technologies, Cary 60 UV–vis spectrometer in the range of 200–800 nm to assess sample concentration, with an extinction coefficient of 44.26 mL/μg*cm determined experimentally. NT-MDT Nano Solver AFM and JEOL, JSM-7100F SEM were utilized to measure the average flake size of GO samples ultrasonically processed for 0, 20, 30, 50 and 60 min respectively.
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