Protein extraction, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and transfer to nitrocellulose membrane were carried out as previously described [11 (link),12 (link),15 (link)]. The membrane was incubated with the following antibodies: cleaved CASP3, cleaved PARP, PARP, p-EGFR, EGFR, p-AKT, AKT, p-ERK, ERK, p-STAT3, STAT3, eIF4A3, p-4E-BP1, mTOR, p-P70-S6, MUC1, and MUC1-C, purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). The antibody to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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