WST-1 assay (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) was used to monitor cell proliferation (Chou et al., 2014 (link)); cells were trypsinized and resuspended in culture medium, then plated at 5 × 103 cells per well in 96-well plates and incubated overnight. After plant extracts treatment for 48 h, the cells were incubated with 10μl WST-1 reagent for 2 h. The cell viability was quantified by multi-well spectrophotometry (Anthos, Biochrom, Cambridge, UK). The absorbance at 450 nm was monitored, and the reference wavelength was set at 620 nm.
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