IBD Diagnosis and Extraintestinal Manifestations

IBD diagnosis was made by an expert gastroenterologist by synthesizing various findings, such as conventional clinical, endoscopic, radiologic, and histopathologic results. CD was defined as disease location (L1, ileal; L2, colonic; L3, ileocolonic; L4, and upper gastrointestinal tract) and disease behavior (B1, nonstricturing, nonpenetrating; B2, stricturing; B3, and penetrating) according to the Montreal classification. UC is classified into proctitis (E1), left-sided colitis (E2), and extended colitis, including pancolitis (E3), and according to the degree of disease extent.^{[13 ]}EIMs were diagnosed and treated by a specialist according to their subtypes. Depending on the organ involved, EIMs were defined as articular (peripheral arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and sacroiliitis), cutaneous (erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, and others), ocular (uveitis and episcleritis), or hepatobiliary (primary sclerosing cholangitis). Patients with 2 or more EIMs were classified according to the number of EIMs.