Images were acquired using the software pco.camware version 3.09. Image processing and analysis were performed in ImageJ (v1.52i, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MN, USA) and MATLAB 2018b (Mathworks). Calculations were performed in MATLAB 2018b (Mathworks), Rstudio (version 1.2.5019), and R (version 3.6.1). Plots and figures were generated using GraphPad Prism (Version 6.07, GraphPad Software, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA), OriginPro (Version 9.0.0 G, OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, USA), and MATLAB 2018b (Mathworks). Formatting and arrangement of figures was done using Adobe Illustrator CS5 (Adobe Systems, Inc., v15.0.0, San Jose, CA, USA) and Affinity Designer (Version 1.9.3, Serif (Europe) Ltd.). The Java-based software was developed and compiled using Eclipse Mars.2 (Release 4.5.2, IDE for Java Developers, Eclipse Foundation, Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) and using parts of the source code of SpermQ (v0.1.7,39 (link)).
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