N. brasiliensis was maintained as described previously (14 (link)). Mice were injected subcutaneously with 750 third-stage larvae. After 9 d, mice were sacrificed and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed using 3 mL PBS with EDTA and EGTA (0.04% each). Following red blood cell lysis in ACK, cells in BAL fluid were enumerated using the Guava Viacount assay (EMD Millipore), and leukocyte populations were quantified by cytospin and differential staining using the Hema 3 Manual Staining System (Protocol). BAL fluid was concentrated to 500 μL in Amicon Ultra 10K Centrifugal Filters (Millipore) and cytokines were measured using the mouse IL-13 and IL-9 ELISA Ready-Set-Go kits (eBioscience).