All subjects were at least 12 h on an empty stomach and in supine position during examination. The ultrasound examinations were performed by a qualified and experienced radiologist using a high-resolution ultrasound machine equipped with a 5 MHz convex-array probe (Philips iU Elite; Bothell, Washington). The data were evaluated by another experienced radiologist to ensure unbiased evaluation.
NAFLD was diagnosed as the presence of at least two of the following findings (excluding excessive alcohol consumption and viral or autoimmune liver disease): diffusely increased echogenitic (“bright”) liver with liver echogenicity greater than kidney or spleen, vascular blurring, and deep attenuation of ultrasound signal [23 (link)].
The diagnosis of NAFPD was based on the previous literature criteria [24 (link)]: Pancreatic echogenicity was compared to the liver echogenicity at the same depth on a longitudinal scan taken near the abdominal midline, or compared to the echogenicity of renal cortex if the liver also showed increased echogenicity. NAFPD was diagnosed if an increased echogenicity of pancreatic body over the kidney or liver echogenicity was observed during ultrasonography.
NAFLD was diagnosed as the presence of at least two of the following findings (excluding excessive alcohol consumption and viral or autoimmune liver disease): diffusely increased echogenitic (“bright”) liver with liver echogenicity greater than kidney or spleen, vascular blurring, and deep attenuation of ultrasound signal [23 (link)].
The diagnosis of NAFPD was based on the previous literature criteria [24 (link)]: Pancreatic echogenicity was compared to the liver echogenicity at the same depth on a longitudinal scan taken near the abdominal midline, or compared to the echogenicity of renal cortex if the liver also showed increased echogenicity. NAFPD was diagnosed if an increased echogenicity of pancreatic body over the kidney or liver echogenicity was observed during ultrasonography.
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