Levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were measured using enzymatic assay kits in the UCLA Cardiovascular Core Facility [17 (link)]. The whole mice’s blood was collected with cardiac puncture. The serum was separated from the blood for the detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines using the Quantibody Mouse Cytokine Array kit (RayBiotech, Inc., QAM-CYT-1, Peachtree Corners, GA, USA), which allows the determination of low levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCSF from the serum samples.
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