Sperm Retrieval and ICSI Procedures

Sperm was prepared using ejaculated sperm, caput epididymal sperm obtained by PESA, or testicular sperm obtained by TESA. For PESA, after applying local anesthesia, a fine needle was used to puncture the epididymal head with a 1-ml sperm-washing syringe. The sperm was aspirated and analyzed under an optical microscope. If no sperm was recovered, TESA was immediately performed by percutaneous puncture of testicular tissue with a needle, extraction of a convoluted seminiferous tubule with fiber tweezers, and microscopic examination of sufficient sperm. If necessary, the operation was repeated until there was enough sperm for ICSI. For patients with NOA, TESA was performed directly. Then, the in vitro matured oocytes were inseminated with sperm by ICSI.

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Li J., Chen J., Tian S., Jiao T., Wang J., Wei Y., Cheng Y., Xu Y., Chian R.C., Li Y, & Zhang S. (2023). Effects of different sperm sources on the clinical outcomes of in vitro oocyte maturation cycles combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14, 1115210.

Publication 2023

Caput Epididymal Fiber Icsi Local anesthesia Microscopic examination Needle Oocytes Optical microscope Patients Puncture Seminiferous tubule Sperm Sperm head Syringe Tissue

Corresponding Organization :

Other organizations : Chinese PLA General Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University

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Variable analysis

independent variables

Source of sperm (ejaculated sperm, caput epididymal sperm obtained by PESA, or testicular sperm obtained by TESA)

dependent variables

Presence/recovery of sperm
Sperm quality/characteristics (not explicitly specified)

control variables

Application of local anesthesia before PESA
Use of a fine needle to puncture the epididymal head for PESA
Use of a 1-ml sperm-washing syringe for PESA
Microscopic examination of recovered sperm
Percutaneous puncture of testicular tissue and extraction of a convoluted seminiferous tubule with fiber tweezers for TESA
Microscopic examination of recovered sperm for TESA
Repeated TESA operation until sufficient sperm for ICSI
Direct TESA for patients with NOA
In vitro maturation of oocytes
Insemination of oocytes with sperm by ICSI

positive controls

Not specified

negative controls

Not specified

Annotations

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