The material properties of the ossicular chain numerical model are shown in Table 1 [19 (link),20 ,21 ,22 ,23 (link),24 ], and the material properties of the soft tissue finite element model (FEM) are shown in Table 2 [24 ,25 (link)]. The Poisson’s ratio of each part of the middle ear structure is 0.3, the structural damping coefficient is 0.4, the viscosity of the fluid is 0.001 NS/m2, and the damping coefficient β of the fluid is 0.0001 s.
The material properties of the inner ear structure shown above were obtained from the relevant published references [26 (link),27 (link),28 ]. The material properties of each part of the inner ear in the numerical model in this paper are as follows: Oval window: the elastic modulus is E = 0.2 MPa, Poisson’s ratio is μ = 0.3, density is ρ = 1200 kg/m3, and the damping coefficient is β = 0.5 × 10−4 s. Round window: the elastic modulus is E = 0.35 MPa, Poisson’s ratio is μ = 0.3, and the damping coefficient is β = 0.5 × 10−4 s. Lymphatic fluid (scala vestibuli, scala tympani, scala media, 3 semicircular canals, and lymphatic fluid in the vestibuli): density is ρ = 1000 kg/m3, sound velocity is C = 1400 m/s, the damping coefficient is β = 1.0 × 10−4 s, and viscous damping is D = 0.001 NS/m. BM: As the length of the BM changes, the elastic modulus decreases linearly from 50 MPa at the base of the cochlea to 15 MPa at the middle and then decreases linearly to 3 MPa at the apex. The damping coefficient β varies linearly from 0.2 × 10−3 s at the base to 0.1 × 10−2 s at the apex, with a Poisson’s ratio of 0.3.
The material properties of the inner ear structure shown above were obtained from the relevant published references [26 (link),27 (link),28 ]. The material properties of each part of the inner ear in the numerical model in this paper are as follows: Oval window: the elastic modulus is E = 0.2 MPa, Poisson’s ratio is μ = 0.3, density is ρ = 1200 kg/m3, and the damping coefficient is β = 0.5 × 10−4 s. Round window: the elastic modulus is E = 0.35 MPa, Poisson’s ratio is μ = 0.3, and the damping coefficient is β = 0.5 × 10−4 s. Lymphatic fluid (scala vestibuli, scala tympani, scala media, 3 semicircular canals, and lymphatic fluid in the vestibuli): density is ρ = 1000 kg/m3, sound velocity is C = 1400 m/s, the damping coefficient is β = 1.0 × 10−4 s, and viscous damping is D = 0.001 NS/m. BM: As the length of the BM changes, the elastic modulus decreases linearly from 50 MPa at the base of the cochlea to 15 MPa at the middle and then decreases linearly to 3 MPa at the apex. The damping coefficient β varies linearly from 0.2 × 10−3 s at the base to 0.1 × 10−2 s at the apex, with a Poisson’s ratio of 0.3.
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