Culturing Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Lines

The extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) cell lines EGI-1 and TFK-1 (DMSZ-German collection of Microrganisms and Cell Cultures), the intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) cell line HuH28 and the gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) cell line TGBC1 (Cell Bank, RIKEN Bioresource Center Riken Cell Bank, Japan) were cultured in RPMI 1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (all from Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin (P/S) (Life Technologies Gathersburg, MD). The ECC WITT cells and the ICC mixed to hepatocarcinoma KMCH cells (provided by Dr. Andersen, Laboratory of Experimental Carcinogenesis, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland), were cultured in DMEM (Sigma–Aldrich) plus 10% FBS. The authentication of all the cell lines was performed by using Cell_ID system (Promega, Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) comparing their profile with those published on the DMSZ database. The ICC cell line MT-CHC01, established in our laboratory [22 (link)], was cultured in KO-DMEM/F12 with 10% FBS, P/S and Hepes buffer.