Culturing Human Cancer Cell Lines

Human gastric carcinoma HGC-27 cells, human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cells, human gastric carcinoma NCI-N87 cells, human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, human colon cancer HCT-116 cells, human cervical cancer Ca Ski cells, human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cell, human lung cancer A549 cells, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells, human gastric epithelial GES-1 cells, and Madin–Darby canine kidney MDCK cells were purchased from the cell bank of the Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China) and maintained in RPMI-1640 (Gibco BRL Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA) or DMEM (Gibco BRL Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA) culture medium supplemented with suitable fetal bovine serum (FBS, Zhejiang Tianhang Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China) at 37 °C with 5% CO₂ in a humidified incubator.