Western Blot Analysis of CXCL11 and Cadherins

The PC cells were lysed with radioimmunoprecipitation assay lysis buffer and protein was extracted as described previously^{15 (link)}; the protein concentrations were quantified using a DC protein assay kit (Bio-Rad, USA). The proteins were subjected to 8–12% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane (Bio-Rad, USA)^{17 (link)}. The membranes were then blocked with 5% non-fat milk in Tris-buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween (TBST) for 2 h at room temperature and incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. After washing with TBST (15 min) three times, the membranes were incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-mouse or anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibodies for 2 h at room temperature. The membranes were washed again and the protein expression levels were visualized with the Immobilon Western Chemilum HRP substrate (Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany) using an enhanced chemiluminescence detection system. The primary antibodies against CXCL11 and vimentin were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA); the primary antibodies against E-cadherin and N-cadherin were obtained from Proteintech (Han Wu, China). Each blotting was repeated independently three times.