Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS survey procedure (version 9.2; SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA) to reflect the complex sampling design and sampling weights of KNHANES, and to provide representative national prevalence estimates. The procedures included unequal probabilities of selection, oversampling, and non-response such that inferences could be made about Korean adult participants. KNHANES sampling was weighted by adjusting for oversampling and nonresponses [15 (link)].
The representative refractive error was defined based on the subject’s left eye [16 (link)]. Potential risk factors were assessed by subject, not by eye. Age, gender, BMI, presence of parental myopia, time spent on near work activities, household income, and accompanying disease (atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, sinusitis, otitis media, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) were analyzed as possible risk factors for pediatric myopia using univariable logistic regression. Factors with P < 0.2 were simultaneously adjusted in a multivariable logistic regression analysis, where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The representative refractive error was defined based on the subject’s left eye [16 (link)]. Potential risk factors were assessed by subject, not by eye. Age, gender, BMI, presence of parental myopia, time spent on near work activities, household income, and accompanying disease (atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, sinusitis, otitis media, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) were analyzed as possible risk factors for pediatric myopia using univariable logistic regression. Factors with P < 0.2 were simultaneously adjusted in a multivariable logistic regression analysis, where P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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