All extraction and derivatization solvents were chromatography grade (EMD Chemicals, Billerica, MA). Monodeuterated ethanol was obtained from Acros Organics (New Jersey), the derivatizing reagent heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride (HFAA) was obtained from Fluka (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), and the neurosteroids pregnenolone, pregnanolone, 3α,5β-THDOC, and 3α,5β-androstanediol were obtained from Steraloids (Newport, RI). All other native neurosteroid standards were synthesized by the late Dr. Robert Purdy. Similar to Snelling et al. (2014) (link), the internal standard (ISTD) was 17β-estradiol-2,4,16,16,17-d5 (CDN Isotopes, Pointe-Claire, Quebec, Canada). Ultra-pure water (double distilled; ddH2O) from a MilliQ system (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA) was used. Activated powdered charcoal (Darco-G-60) and Dextran (T-70) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.