For the analysis, the interventions were divided into subgroups: (I) spinal pathology (degenerative diseases of the spine, lesions of the spine), (II) lesions of the brain (any supra- or infratentorial brain tumours, abscesses, cysts or similar pathologies), (III) ventriculoperitoneal drainage, (IV) cranioplasty, (V) procedures in functional neurosurgery (spinal cord stimulation, battery replacement, vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation), (VI) vascular pathology (aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations…) and (VII) endonasal endoscopy (pituitary adenoma, Rathke’s cyst, clivus chordoma, craniopharyngioma). Any procedure that required immediate surgical intervention was considered vital or emergency surgery. This included any form of acute cerebral haemorrhage (subdural, epidural or intracerebral), placement of external ventricular drainage or intracranial pressure monitoring, decompressive craniectomy and removal of a chronic subdural haematoma, or vital spinal disease.
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