Intranasal deliveries were performed using an optimized delivery system27 (link),55 (link). Mice were completely anesthetized with avertin using 300 μl per mouse with tert-amyl alcohol content at 2.5% and 2,2,2 tribromoethanol (TCI America, T1420) at a concentration of 50 mg per kg. Soluble OVA, apoptotic cells and TLR agonists were delivered in a 50 μl volume. Final concentration of deliveries were 1 μg soluble OVA (sOVA) (0.22 micron filtered, Grade VII Sigma) or 20 × 106 apoptotic cells ± 50μg R848 (Enzo Life Sciences) or ± 10 μg Poly I:C (Enzo Life Sciences). Mice were sacrificed at various times depending on the experimental design.