TEM imaging were
prepared as described before46 (link) with modifications.
Briefly, 20 μL of the EV suspension was deposited on formvar-carbon-coated
200 mesh copper grids (Agar Scientific, Essex, U.K.) for 20 min and
fixed in Karnowski fixatives (a mixture of 2% paraformaldehyde and
1% glutaraldehyde) for 5 min. Next, EVs were contrasted for 5 min
in uranyl oxalate [1:1 mixture of 4% uranyl acetate (21447-25, Polysciences,
Warrington) and 0.15 M oxalic acid (75688, Sigma-Aldrich, Schnelldorf,
Germany)] and embedded in a mixture (9:1) of 2% methylcellulose (M6385,
Sigma-Aldrich, Schnelldorf, Germany) and 4% uranyl acetate (21447-25,
Polysciences, Warrington). The EVs were imaged using a JEM 1400 TEM
(JEOL Ltd. Tokyo, Japan, with Morada TEM CCD camera, Olympus, Germany)
at 80 kV.