Antiemetic and Anticancer Therapies for CINV

The antiemetic and anticancer therapies were prescribed according to current clinical practice. Specifically, the antiemetic agents used for the prevention of CINV were 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron, palonosetron); neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (aprepitant, fosaprepitant, NEPA (nesupitant plus palonosetron)); corticosteroids (dexamethasone, methylprednisolone); dopamine receptor antagonists (metoclopramide, haloperidol), and benzodiazepines (lorazepam). No additional diagnostic or monitoring procedures were applied to the patients except if the investigator decided. CT regimens were categorised according to international guidelines (MASCC, ESMO, and NCCN) and based on the emetogenic potential of the agent. Each patient was evaluated three times during the study period: baseline, follow-up 1, and follow-up 2. Baseline visits occurred on day 1, before the administration of CT, and follow-up visits occurred following a clinical practice. The first follow-up visit occurred between days 6 and 8 of the CT cycle, and the second follow-up was on day 28, just before the subsequent CT cycle. During the study period, each patient filled out a diary to record nausea and vomits episodes and antiemetic medication use (Figure 1).