Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes in Mice

Diabetes was induced in 6-week-old females (Hif1a^loxP/loxP) by two intraperitoneal injections of 100 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ, S0130, Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK) within a 1-week interval, as described (37 (link), 48 (link)). The level of blood glucose was checked in a drop of blood from the tail vessel using a glucometer (CONTOUR plus ONE, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Basel, Switzerland). Mice with a level of glucose maintained above 13.9 mmol/l in blood were classified as diabetic. Diabetic females were mated with males, and the next morning, the vaginal plug was checked. Maternal blood glucose levels at the time of embryo collection are shown in Supplementary Figure 1. Embryos collected from diabetic pregnancies were labeled as "diabetic" or "DIA", and from non-diabetic pregnancies were labeled as "non-diabetic" or "non-DIA".