All mouse procedures were conducted in accordance with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center (FHCC) Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines and the ARRIVE guidelines. C57BL/6J (BL/6J) mice (000664, JAX) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory. Injections of organoid cultures for the generation of subcutaneously grafted organoid tumors were conducted as described previously (47 (link)). Typically, 1 × 106 to 2 × 106 cells in a 100-μl suspension of 50% Matrigel (Corning) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were injected into each flank of the mouse. When average tumor diameters of 3 to 5 mm3 were reached, mice were treated with a once daily intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or flavopiridol (5 mg/kg; S1230, Selleck) diluted with 5% dextrose in water solution (600063, Bound Tree Medical) for 21 days. Caliper measurements of tumors and body weights were recorded three times per week.