A total of 71 first-episode drug-naïve adolescent depression patients were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry of Wuhan Mental Health Center. Patients were diagnosed with depression by two experienced psychiatrists based on DSM-IV criteria. To be eligible for study inclusion, patients had to be 7–17 years of age, right-handed, meet the diagnostic criteria for an acute episode of depression, have a history of SA within the past 14 days, be free of serious physical illnesses, be free of the alcohol and/or substance abuse or dependence, and be free of other Axis I disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and substance-induced mood disorders. In addition, 54 age- and sex-matched healthy control individuals were recruited from the Wuhan Mental Health Center medical examination center. These controls were right-handed, had no history or family history of psychiatric disorders, and were free of any severe physical illness. All participants provided written informed consent for study participation. The Ethics Committee of Wuhan Mental Health Center approved this research, which was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki.
SA was defined as any self-destructive behavior intended to terminate one’s own life that did not result in death (O’Carroll et al., 1996 (link); Li et al., 2021 (link)). The patients included in this study were confirmed to have a history of SA through interviews with experienced psychiatrists, who also collected relevant details including the numbers of SAs and the dates on which they had occurred. When ambiguous results were obtained, the psychiatrists also made inquiries with the parents or clinicians of that patient to confirm these results. The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire Junior (SIQ-JR; Keane et al., 1996 (link)) scale was conducted on the same day as the rs-fMRI to evaluate the severity of suicidal ideation, while the child depression inventory (CDI; Akimana et al., 2019 (link)) was used to assess depression severity.
SA was defined as any self-destructive behavior intended to terminate one’s own life that did not result in death (O’Carroll et al., 1996 (link); Li et al., 2021 (link)). The patients included in this study were confirmed to have a history of SA through interviews with experienced psychiatrists, who also collected relevant details including the numbers of SAs and the dates on which they had occurred. When ambiguous results were obtained, the psychiatrists also made inquiries with the parents or clinicians of that patient to confirm these results. The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire Junior (SIQ-JR; Keane et al., 1996 (link)) scale was conducted on the same day as the rs-fMRI to evaluate the severity of suicidal ideation, while the child depression inventory (CDI; Akimana et al., 2019 (link)) was used to assess depression severity.
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