Duodenum samples were homogenized using a Precellys Homogenizer (Berlin Technologies) in RLT lysis buffer using RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Chatsworth, CA). Total RNA extraction and reverse-transcription were performed as described previously [10 (link),31 (link)]. The ratio of full-length SMN2 to Δ7 SMN2 transcripts was quantified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The expression of human SMN protein was measured by western blotting as previously described [31 (link)]. β-tubulin was used as loading control in all samples. Blots were developed with an enhanced chemiluminescence detection kit (Bio-Rad, California, USA). Semi-quantification of band intensity was analyzed by imageJ software.
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